イスラエル・パレスチナ紛争3〜国際情勢リテラシー&英語長文聴解Wトレーニング

#イスラエル　#パレスチナ英文スクリプト Jews justified their migration to Palestine, regarding the return to the "Promised Land" described in the Old Testament as the core of their ethnic and religious identity. On the other hand, the Arabs, that is, the Palestinians, who had lived in Palestine for many years, formed Palestinian nationalism to protect their land and culture in response to the increasing Jewish settlement, and strongly resisted. While this land is often spoken of with the slogan "A land without a people (Jews) for a people without a land (Palestine)," in reality, Palestine was not an uninhabited land; the indigenous Arabs were already living there, which is at the root of the conflict between the two parties. Thus, the historical shifts in control of the Palestine region from the Roman Empire to Islamic powers and then the Ottoman Empire have resulted in a multi-layered complexity to the historical claims of each actor in the current conflict, making simple arguments about "indigenous rights" or "historical rights" difficult. During World War I, Britain made three contradictory promises in the Middle East to weaken the opposing Ottoman Empire. This later became known as the "Three-Fold Diplomacy." Specifically, these were the Hussein-McMahon Correspondence (1915), which promised Arabs an independent state; the Sykes-Picot Agreement (1916), a secret agreement between Britain and France to divide and administer the Middle East; and the Balfour Declaration (1917), which promised to support the establishment of a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine. These contradictory promises became the root cause of the later intensification of conflict between Arabs and Jews. After World War I, Palestine became a Mandatory Territory of Britain, meaning a region whose administration was entrusted by the League of Nations to a specific country, and the influx of Jews into Palestine accelerated based on the Balfour Declaration.